23、Docker 实战：Docker 部署 PHP 环境
PHP是当下最流行的 Web 服务器端开发语言，号称 地球上最好的语言，没有之一。Docker 部署 PHP 环境有两种方式： 通过 Dockerfile 构建 和 从 Docker 仓库拉取
我们以当前最新的版本 7.2.6 安装为例
1. 使用 docker pull php
这是最简单的方式，开箱即用
1、 使用dockersearchphp命令可以列出docker.io上所有的PHP有关的镜像；
[root@ddkk.com ~]# docker search php
NAME DESCRIPTION OFFICIAL
php While designed for web... [OK]
...
有很多版本，我们选择官方的 php
2、 拉取最新的PHP标签:7.2.6-fpm-stretch；
[root@ddkk.com ~]# docker pull php:7.2.6-fpm-stretch
3、 稍等片刻，下载完成后，就可以在本地镜像列表里找到REPOSITORY为php,标签为7.2.6-fpm-stretch的镜像；
[root@ddkk.com ~]# docker images php
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID ... SIZE
php 7.2.6-fpm-stretch 0a757334c1f6 ... 367.7 MB
2. 通过 Dockerfile 文件构建
使用Dockerfile 文件构建，我们可以实现定制，并且熟悉 PHP 的安装过程
1、 创建目录php,用于存放后面的相关东西；
[root@ddkk.com ~]# mkdir -p php/logs php/conf
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="left">文件</th>
<th align="left">说明</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td align="left">logs</td>
<td align="left">该目录将映射为 phpops 容器的日志目录</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">conf</td>
<td align="left">该目录里的配置文件将映射为 phpops 容器的配置文件</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
2、 进入php目录，并创建以下几个文件；
\[root@ddkk.com ~\]\# cd php
如果你嫌复制太麻烦，可以直接去 [GitHub][] 上下载
- docker-php-entrypoint
# !/bin/sh
# 移除第一行的 # ! 之间的空格
set -e
# first arg is -f or --some-option
if [ "${1#-}" != "$1" ]; then
set -- php-fpm "$@"
fi
exec "$@"
- docker-php-ext-configure
# !/bin/sh
# 移除第一行的 # ! 之间的空格
set -e
# prefer user supplied CFLAGS, but default to our PHP_CFLAGS
: ${CFLAGS:=$PHP_CFLAGS}
: ${CPPFLAGS:=$PHP_CPPFLAGS}
: ${LDFLAGS:=$PHP_LDFLAGS}
export CFLAGS CPPFLAGS LDFLAGS
srcExists=
if [ -d /usr/src/php ]; then
srcExists=1
fi
docker-php-source extract
if [ -z "$srcExists" ]; then
touch /usr/src/php/.docker-delete-me
fi
cd /usr/src/php/ext
usage() {
echo "usage: $0 ext-name [configure flags]"
echo " ie: $0 gd --with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/something"
echo
echo 'Possible values for ext-name:'
find . \
-mindepth 2 \
-maxdepth 2 \
-type f \
-name 'config.m4' \
| xargs -n1 dirname \
| xargs -n1 basename \
| sort \
| xargs
echo
echo 'Some of the above modules are already compiled into PHP; please check'
echo 'the output of "php -i" to see which modules are already loaded.'
}
ext="$1"
if [ -z "$ext" ] || [ ! -d "$ext" ]; then
usage >&2
exit 1
fi
shift
pm='unknown'
if [ -e /lib/apk/db/installed ]; then
pm='apk'
fi
if [ "$pm" = 'apk' ]; then
if \
[ -n "$PHPIZE_DEPS" ] \
&& ! apk info --installed .phpize-deps > /dev/null \
&& ! apk info --installed .phpize-deps-configure > /dev/null \
; then
apk add --no-cache --virtual .phpize-deps-configure $PHPIZE_DEPS
fi
fi
if command -v dpkg-architecture > /dev/null; then
gnuArch="$(dpkg-architecture --query DEB_BUILD_GNU_TYPE)"
set -- --build="$gnuArch" "$@"
fi
cd "$ext"
phpize
./configure "$@"
- docker-php-ext-enable
# !/bin/sh
# 移除第一行的 # ! 之间的空格
set -e
extDir="$(php -r 'echo ini_get("extension_dir");')"
cd "$extDir"
usage() {
echo "usage: $0 [options] module-name [module-name ...]"
echo " ie: $0 gd mysqli"
echo " $0 pdo pdo_mysql"
echo " $0 --ini-name 0-apc.ini apcu apc"
echo
echo 'Possible values for module-name:'
find -maxdepth 1 \
-type f \
-name '*.so' \
-exec basename '{}' ';' \
| sort \
| xargs
echo
echo 'Some of the above modules are already compiled into PHP; please check'
echo 'the output of "php -i" to see which modules are already loaded.'
}
opts="$(getopt -o 'h?' --long 'help,ini-name:' -- "$@" || { usage >&2 && false; })"
eval set -- "$opts"
iniName=
while true; do
flag="$1"
shift
case "$flag" in
--help|-h|'-?') usage && exit 0 ;;
--ini-name) iniName="$1" && shift ;;
--) break ;;
*)
{
echo "error: unknown flag: $flag"
usage
} >&2
exit 1
;;
esac
done
modules=
for module; do
if [ -z "$module" ]; then
continue
fi
if [ -f "$module.so" ] && ! [ -f "$module" ]; then
# allow ".so" to be optional
module="$module.so"
fi
if ! [ -f "$module" ]; then
echo >&2 "error: '$module' does not exist"
echo >&2
usage >&2
exit 1
fi
modules="$modules $module"
done
if [ -z "$modules" ]; then
usage >&2
exit 1
fi
pm='unknown'
if [ -e /lib/apk/db/installed ]; then
pm='apk'
fi
apkDel=
if [ "$pm" = 'apk' ]; then
if \
[ -n "$PHPIZE_DEPS" ] \
&& ! apk info --installed .phpize-deps > /dev/null \
&& ! apk info --installed .phpize-deps-configure > /dev/null \
; then
apk add --no-cache --virtual '.docker-php-ext-enable-deps' binutils
apkDel='.docker-php-ext-enable-deps'
fi
fi
for module in $modules; do
if readelf --wide --syms "$module" | grep -q ' zend_extension_entry$'; then
# https://wiki.php.net/internals/extensions#loading_zend_extensions
absModule="$(readLink-f "$module")"
line="zend_extension=$absModule"
else
line="extension=$module"
fi
ext="$(basename "$module")"
ext="${ext%.*}"
if php -r 'exit(extension_loaded("'"$ext"'") ? 0 : 1);'; then
# this isn't perfect, but it's better than nothing
# (for example, 'opcache.so' presents inside PHP as 'Zend OPcache', not 'opcache')
echo >&2
echo >&2 "warning: $ext ($module) is already loaded!"
echo >&2
continue
fi
ini="/usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/${iniName:-"docker-php-ext-$ext.ini"}"
if ! grep -q "$line" "$ini" 2>/dev/null; then
echo "$line" >> "$ini"
fi
done
if [ "$pm" = 'apk' ] && [ -n "$apkDel" ]; then
apk del $apkDel
fi
- docker-php-ext-install
# !/bin/sh
# 移除第一行的 # ! 之间的空格
set -e
# prefer user supplied CFLAGS, but default to our PHP_CFLAGS
: ${CFLAGS:=$PHP_CFLAGS}
: ${CPPFLAGS:=$PHP_CPPFLAGS}
: ${LDFLAGS:=$PHP_LDFLAGS}
export CFLAGS CPPFLAGS LDFLAGS
srcExists=
if [ -d /usr/src/php ]; then
srcExists=1
fi
docker-php-source extract
if [ -z "$srcExists" ]; then
touch /usr/src/php/.docker-delete-me
fi
cd /usr/src/php/ext
usage() {
echo "usage: $0 [-jN] ext-name [ext-name ...]"
echo " ie: $0 gd mysqli"
echo " $0 pdo pdo_mysql"
echo " $0 -j5 gd mbstring mysqli pdo pdo_mysql shmop"
echo
echo 'if custom ./configure arguments are necessary, see docker-php-ext-configure'
echo
echo 'Possible values for ext-name:'
find . \
-mindepth 2 \
-maxdepth 2 \
-type f \
-name 'config.m4' \
| xargs -n1 dirname \
| xargs -n1 basename \
| sort \
| xargs
echo
echo 'Some of the above modules are already compiled into PHP; please check'
echo 'the output of "php -i" to see which modules are already loaded.'
}
opts="$(getopt -o 'h?j:' --long 'help,jobs:' -- "$@" || { usage >&2 && false; })"
eval set -- "$opts"
j=1
while true; do
flag="$1"
shift
case "$flag" in
--help|-h|'-?') usage && exit 0 ;;
--jobs|-j) j="$1" && shift ;;
--) break ;;
*)
{
echo "error: unknown flag: $flag"
usage
} >&2
exit 1
;;
esac
done
exts=
for ext; do
if [ -z "$ext" ]; then
continue
fi
if [ ! -d "$ext" ]; then
echo >&2 "error: $PWD/$ext does not exist"
echo >&2
usage >&2
exit 1
fi
exts="$exts $ext"
done
if [ -z "$exts" ]; then
usage >&2
exit 1
fi
pm='unknown'
if [ -e /lib/apk/db/installed ]; then
pm='apk'
fi
apkDel=
if [ "$pm" = 'apk' ]; then
if [ -n "$PHPIZE_DEPS" ]; then
if apk info --installed .phpize-deps-configure > /dev/null; then
apkDel='.phpize-deps-configure'
elif ! apk info --installed .phpize-deps > /dev/null; then
apk add --no-cache --virtual .phpize-deps $PHPIZE_DEPS
apkDel='.phpize-deps'
fi
fi
fi
popDir="$PWD"
for ext in $exts; do
cd "$ext"
[ -e Makefile ] || docker-php-ext-configure "$ext"
make -j"$j"
make -j"$j" install
find modules \
-maxdepth 1 \
-name '*.so' \
-exec basename '{}' ';' \
| xargs -r docker-php-ext-enable
make -j"$j" clean
cd "$popDir"
done
if [ "$pm" = 'apk' ] && [ -n "$apkDel" ]; then
apk del $apkDel
fi
if [ -e /usr/src/php/.docker-delete-me ]; then
docker-php-source delete
fi
- docker-php-source
# !/bin/sh
# 移除第一行的 # ! 之间的空格
set -e
dir=/usr/src/php
usage() {
echo "usage: $0 COMMAND"
echo
echo "Manage php source tarball lifecycle."
echo
echo "Commands:"
echo " extract extract php source tarball into directory $dir if not already done."
echo " delete delete extracted php source located into $dir if not already done."
echo
}
case "$1" in
extract)
mkdir -p "$dir"
if [ ! -f "$dir/.docker-extracted" ]; then
tar -Jxf /usr/src/php.tar.xz -C "$dir" --strip-components=1
touch "$dir/.docker-extracted"
fi
;;
delete)
rm -rf "$dir"
;;
*)
usage
exit 1
;;
esac
3、 创建Dockerfile文件；
[root@ddkk.com php]# vi Dockerfile
FROM debian:jessie
# 编译和运行时依赖的工具
ENV PHPIZE_DEPS autoconf file g++ gcc libc-dev make pkg-config re2c
# 指定 php.ini目录
ENV PHP_INI_DIR /usr/local/etc/php
## 指定 PHP 版本和编译的选项
ENV PHP_EXTRA_CONFIGURE_ARGS --enable-fpm --with-fpm-user=www-data --with-fpm-group=www-data
ENV PHP_VERSION 7.2.6
ENV PHP_FILENAME php-7.2.6.tar.xz
# 安装依赖的库和环境
RUN apt-get update \
&& apt-get install -y $PHPIZE_DEPS ca-certificates curl libedit2 \
libsqlite3-0 libxml2 --no-install-recommends \
&& rm -r /var/lib/apt/lists/*
RUN mkdir -p $PHP_INI_DIR/conf.d
RUN set -xe && buildDeps=" $PHP_EXTRA_BUILD_DEPS libcurl4-openssl-dev libedit-dev libsqlite3-dev libssl-dev libxml2-dev xz-utils " \
&& apt-get update && apt-get install -y $buildDeps --no-install-recommends && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* \
&& curl -fSL "http://php.net/get/$PHP_FILENAME/from/this/mirror" -o "$PHP_FILENAME" \
&& mkdir -p /usr/src/php \
&& tar -xf "$PHP_FILENAME" -C /usr/src/php --strip-components=1 \
&& rm "$PHP_FILENAME" \
&& cd /usr/src/php \
&& ./configure --with-config-file-path="$PHP_INI_DIR" \
--with-config-file-scan-dir="$PHP_INI_DIR/conf.d" \
$PHP_EXTRA_CONFIGURE_ARGS \
--disable-cgi --enable-mysqlnd --enable-mbstring \
--with-curl --with-libedit --with-openssl --with-zlib \
&& make -j"$(nproc)" \
&& make install \
&& { find /usr/local/bin /usr/local/sbin -type f -executable -exec strip --strip-all '{}' + || true; } \
&& make clean \
&& apt-get purge -y --auto-remove -o APT::AutoRemove::RecommendsImportant=false -o APT::AutoRemove::SuggestsImportant=false $buildDeps
COPY docker-php-ext-* /usr/local/bin/
##<autogenerated>##
WORKDIR /var/www/html
RUN set -ex \
&& cd /usr/local/etc \
&& if [ -d php-fpm.d ]; then \
sed 's!=NONE/!=!g' php-fpm.conf.default | tee php-fpm.conf > /dev/null; \
cp php-fpm.d/www.conf.default php-fpm.d/www.conf; \
else \
mkdir php-fpm.d; \
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.d/www.conf; \
{ \
echo '[global]'; \
echo 'include=etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf'; \
} | tee php-fpm.conf; \
fi \
&& { \
echo '[global]'; \
echo 'error_log = /proc/self/fd/2'; \
echo; \
echo '[www]'; \
echo '; if we send this to /proc/self/fd/1, it never appears'; \
echo 'access.log = /proc/self/fd/2'; \
echo; \
echo 'clear_env = no'; \
echo; \
echo '; Ensure worker stdout and stderr are sent to the main error log.'; \
echo 'catch_workers_output = yes'; \
} | tee php-fpm.d/docker.conf \
&& { \
echo '[global]'; \
echo 'daemonize = no'; \
echo; \
echo '[www]'; \
echo 'listen = [::]:9000'; \
} | tee php-fpm.d/zz-docker.conf
EXPOSE 9000
CMD ["php-fpm"]
4、 通过dockerbuild命令创建镜像my-php:7.2.6-fpm；
[root@ddkk.com php]# docker build -t my-php:7.2.6-fpm .
5、 稍等片刻，命令执行完成后，可以使用dockerimages命令显示刚刚创建的镜像；
[root@ddkk.com php]# docker images my-php
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID ... SIZE
运行 my-php 容器
先在当前目录下创建目录 www，然后在目录 www 中新建文件 i.php 内容如下
<?php
phpinfo();
最后使用下面的命令运行容器
[root@ddkk.com php]# docker run -it -p 9000:9000 --name php-fpm -v $pwd/www:/www -v $PWD/conf:/usr/local/etc/php -v $PWD/logs:/phplogs my-php:7.2.6-fpm bash
这会直接进入容器
参数说明
1、 -p9000:9000；
将容器的 9000 端口映射到主机的 9000 端口
2、 --namephp-fpm；
将容器命名为 php-fpm
3、 -v $ pwd/www:/www；
将主机中项目的目录 www 挂载到容器的 /www
4、 -v $ PWD/conf:/usr/local/etc/php；
将主机中当前目录下的 conf 目录挂载到容器的 /usr/local/etc/php
5、 -v $ PWD/logs:/phplogs；
将主机中当前目录下的 logs 目录挂载到容器的 /phplogs
然后使用下面的命令 CD 到 /www 目录，运行 php -s 0.0.0.0:9000 命令
root@bd90d7c7bbf9:/www# cd /www
root@bd90d7c7bbf9:/www# php -S 0.0.0.0:9000
通过浏览器访问 http://localhost:9000/i.php，输出如下
如果要作为 php-fpm 运行，那么直接使用下面的命令
[root@ddkk.com php]# docker run -d -p 9000:9000 --name php-fpm -v $pwd/www:/www -v $PWD/conf:/usr/local/etc/php -v $PWD/logs:/phplogs my-php:7.2.6-fpm
查看容器启动情况
[root@ddkk.com php]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND ... PORTS NAMES
00c5aa4c2f93 my-php:7.2.6-fpm "php-fpm" ... 0.0.0.0:9000->9000/tcp myphp-fpm
查看容器的 IP
可以使用命令 docker inspect 查看容器的 IP
docker inspect --format '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' <container_id>
例如可以使用下面的命令查看刚刚创建的容器的 IP
[root@ddkk.com php]# docker inspect --format '{{ .NetworkSettings.IPAddress }}' c929419b17cf
172、17.0.2
使用 Nginx + PHP 实现 Web 服务
我们是通过 Nginx + PHP 实现 Web 服务，Nginx 配置文件的 fastcgi_pass 应该配置为 myphp-fpm 容器的 IP
fastcgi_pass 172.17.0.2:9000;